President Donald Trump signed two executive orders on Monday, aiming to boost U.S. leadership in quantum computing while speeding up the federal government’s shift to post-quantum cryptography. This move targets what many call “Q-Day,” when quantum computers might break current encryption standards that protect government networks, cryptocurrency wallets, and more.
White House science advisor Michael Kratsios emphasized that quantum tech remains a key priority. He noted that Trump previously signed the National Quantum Initiative Act, doubled federal R&D spending on quantum research, and launched five national research institutes. Now, in a second term, they’re pushing harder.
The first order, called Ushering in the Next Frontier of Quantum Innovation, tells federal agencies to build a “scientifically relevant” quantum computer by 2028. It also requires the Departments of Commerce, Energy, and Defense, along with NASA, to outline plans for quantum sensors and networking within five years. A senior White House official said the Department of Energy will set technical specs, likely placing the system at a national lab. This is seen as a stepping stone toward bigger quantum machines.
Post-Quantum Cybersecurity Deadline Set
The second order shifts the federal deadline for adopting post-quantum cryptography to December 2031, moving it up from 2035 under National Security Memorandum-10. It also directs the Department of Commerce, via NIST, to run a pilot migration project by the end of 2027. CISA will help critical infrastructure operators transition to quantum-resistant encryption.
Other parts of the orders focus on workforce training, strengthening domestic supply chains, boosting coordination with allies, and protecting quantum research from cyber and counterintelligence threats. Officials said the FBI’s Quantum Information Science and Technology Counterintelligence Protection Team will expand.
Crypto Industry Already Moving
These orders arrive as the crypto world prepares for post-quantum risks. Google set a 2029 deadline for adoption in March. BTQ Technologies launched a Bitcoin testnet using the BIP-360 quantum-resistance proposal. In April, developers proposed BIP-361, which could freeze Bitcoin in vulnerable legacy addresses if owners don’t move their coins.
More recently, Stellar shared a quantum migration roadmap. Coinbase’s quantum advisory council warned that about 7 million Bitcoin might eventually be at risk from quantum attacks. Algorand said it aims for broad quantum resilience by 2027.
Kratsios described these policies as a driver for growth in industries like manufacturing, drug discovery, energy, and agriculture. He believes quantum breakthroughs will benefit Americans for decades.
